Question 1

What is DBR?

Accepted Answer

DBR is a brain-based psychotherapy.  During a traumatic or overwhelming event, the brain activates a sequence of responses, including orienting towards or away from something, subconscious shock, emotions and defenses.  Because this sequence occurs too quickly to consciously process what’s happening, it can get stuck in the nervous system.  Later, when reminded in some way of the original event, the brain replays the same sequence of orienting, shock, emotions and defenses (what we call “getting triggered”).  In DBR, we access the sequence and let it replay much more slowly so that you can witness and process it.  This allows the sequence to be released so that it doesn’t keep replaying, and our emotional, defensive and behavioral responses in previously triggering situations can start to change.

Question 2

Who can benefit from DBR?

Accepted Answer

DBR is potentially helpful for anyone who has a history of trauma (including "big T" and “little T” traumas, complex trauma, preverbal trauma, attachment wounds, unmet needs, etc.) or other types of overwhelming or adverse experiences.  If you’ve had good results with other therapies, DBR may help you achieve additional progress, deeper change and further resolution.  If other therapies have not been working well, DBR may be more effective or more tolerable or may help you start to make better progress in your other therapy.

Question 3

How might DBR help me?

Accepted Answer

DBR can have a number of potential benefits.  These are some examples of changes I have seen happen for clients using DBR therapy:• Becoming more grounded and present• Feeling less reactive and less frequently triggered• Increasing capacity to tolerate intense or uncomfortable feelings and sensations• Reducing tendencies to avoid, numb, minimize, intellectualize, ruminate, lash out or dissociate• Accepting reality more and engaging less in magical thinking• Tolerating ambiguity and complexity better and engaging less in binary thinking• Becoming less rigid and increasing flexibility and problem solving• Taking other people’s words and behaviors less personally• Feeling less overly responsible for others• Decreasing tendencies to fawn, submit or people please• Improving the ability to self-advocate, say no and set boundaries• Finding it easier to prioritize self-care and make healthy choices• Being less conflicted about connecting with others or reaching out for support

Question 4

What is it like to experience DBR?

Accepted Answer

In a DBR session, the therapist helps you identify a recent trigger (or sometimes a memory) to process and then leads you in an exercise to help you access a very grounded state before processing.  Then the therapist helps you access the sequence and supports you in letting it unfold slowly so that it can be processed and released.  The processing is experienced primarily as physical sensations, which vary by person and from session to session.  Examples include muscles tensing or relaxing, pressure, a sense of something moving through or out of the body, heat or cold, nausea, auditory or visual effects, feeling heavy headed, lightheaded or sleepy, and many other things.  There may or may not be involuntary movement (ex., the head bracing back or turning, an eye twitching, an arm shaking, the shoulders or hips twisting, a leg turning, etc.).  Since you are so grounded, these experiences are easier to tolerate than they would normally be and typically clear up by the end of the session.  (There are also strategies to use if something does feel like too much for you.)  DBR theorizes that these sensations are the shock, emotions and defenses moving through the body and that letting this happen slowly, with grounded presence, clears out the stuck sequence so that you don’t keep getting retriggered.

Question 5

How is DBR different from other trauma therapies?

Accepted Answer

In DBR, we work in deeper parts of the brain than in other trauma therapies.  You therefore do not need to focus on trauma images or memories, figure out which memories are connected to present symptoms, identify or challenge core beliefs or work with parts of self because these things exist in higher levels of the brain.  If they do come up, we acknowledge them briefly and then refocus on the processing that’s happening in the body.  The unique grounding exercises used in DBR also help you to be able to sit with emotions, sensations and defensive responses that might otherwise be too intense or overwhelming to tolerate.  These aspects of DBR often make it easier for clients to do than other types of trauma therapies. DBR can also seem more subtle than other therapies.  We don’t try to intellectually understand what’s going on during the session because that would take you into higher levels of the brain and disrupt the processing in the deeper parts.  As a result, the connections between the thing we choose to process, the processing that occurs in the session and the changes you experience subsequently in your life are not always as obvious as they might be in other therapies.  This may be a little difficult at first if you’re someone who likes to cognitively make sense of what’s happening.  However, clients usually seem to have less of a need to intellectually understand this over time because they feel good about their progress.

Question 6

What is adjunctive therapy?

Accepted Answer

Adjunctive therapy is any type of therapy you do when you already have another therapist who you continue to see at the same time (your “primary therapist”).  Adjunctive therapy is usually focused on a particular type of therapy or addressing a specific issue, and the adjunctive therapist may ask you to hold conversations about other topics for your sessions with your primary therapist.  Adjunctive therapy is also often short-term work, whereas you may see your primary therapist in an ongoing, open-ended way.

Question 7

Why is DBR a good adjunctive therapy?

Accepted Answer

DBR can be a good adjunctive therapy for several reasons.  We do not need to take an in-depth history, which can be helpful if you want to try another modality without spending a lot of time rehashing your history again with a new therapist.  Also, since most of the session is spent in somatic (body focused) processing, we only talk a little bit about your history and current life.  This can help to minimize problems that sometimes occur in adjunctive therapy (for example, feeling like you’re getting “mixed messages” if you talk about the same thing with two different therapists).  Finally, you may find that doing adjunctive DBR therapy can lead to greater progress and better outcomes in the other type of therapy you’re doing with your primary therapist.

Question 8

Can DBR be done virtually?

Accepted Answer

Yes, DBR can be done virtually.  In fact, the first clinical trial of DBR's effectiveness was completed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and all of the DBR therapy sessions in that study were held virtually.  DBR seems to work just as well in person or virtually for most clients.  There are some clients for whom virtual therapy may not be appropriate in general, but that is true whether using DBR or another type of therapy.

In a mental health crisis, call or text 988 or go to the nearest emergency room. For other emergencies, call 911.

Heather Baron, MEd, MSS, LCSW

About DBR